Interactive First Aid Guide
Step-by-step guidance for common medical emergencies. Select a scenario below to see recognition signs, what to do, and when to call for help.
Select a Scenario
Choose a medical emergency to see step-by-step guidance.
How to Recognise It
What To Do — Step by Step
Is the person coughing effectively?
✓ Effective Cough — Encourage & Monitor
- 1.Encourage them to keep coughing — do not interfere.
- 2.Stay with them and watch closely.
- 3.If cough becomes ineffective → switch to back blows immediately.
- 4.After object clears: seek medical review if pain, coughing blood, or difficulty swallowing persists.
⚠ Ineffective/Silent Cough — Act Immediately
- 1.Stand behind and slightly to the side. Lean them forward.
- 2.Give up to 5 sharp back blows between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hand.
- 3.Check if obstruction cleared. If not:
- 4.5 abdominal thrusts (Heimlich): stand behind, hands clasped below ribs, sharp upward thrusts.
- 5.Alternate 5 back blows / 5 abdominal thrusts until cleared or they lose consciousness.
- 6.If unconscious: lower to floor, call 087 183 1129, begin CPR.
Burn Severity Guide
1st Degree (Minor)
Redness, pain, no blisters. Outer skin only. Cool water 20 min. Usually manages at home. See doctor if > hand-size or on face/hands.
2nd Degree (Partial)
Blisters, intense pain, wet appearance. Cool water 20 min. Do NOT pop blisters. Seek medical attention. Call EMS if large or on face/hands/genitals.
3rd Degree (Full)
White/black/charred, may be painless (nerve damage). Call 087 183 1129 immediately. Cover loosely. Do NOT remove clothing stuck to wound.
15-15 Rule (for conscious patients)
What NOT To Do
Important Note
Disclaimer: This guidance is for educational purposes only and does not replace formal first aid certification. Individual situations vary — always use your best judgement and when in doubt, call EMS.
Educational Disclaimer: This interactive guide is provided for public educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for formal first aid training, professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Medi Edge Emergency Medical Services strongly encourages all members of the public to complete an accredited first aid course. View our Training Courses →